Up until menopause, estrogen reduces the likelihood of plaque buildup in the arteries and acts as protection from heart disease. After menopause, a woman’s risk steadily increases for developing coronary artery disease, or CAD, a condition where the veins and arteries leading to the heart become narrowed and/or blocked by plaque. Heart attack and stroke are caused by CAD, in most cases. Essential: Estrogen helps to raise HDL cholesterol (good cholesterol), which helps remove the LDL cholesterol (the bad cholesterol) that contributes to the accumulation of fat deposits called plaque along artery walls. Women need to concentrate on making heart-healthy choices throughout life, but especially in the years after menopause. It is important to eat a diet that is low in total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol; eat plenty of grain products, vegetables, and fruits; stay physically active; keep a healthy weight; control stress levels; go easy on sodium; and consult with a doctor about hormone replacement therapy.
